# Building a Debian Package

This document describes how to build a Debian (`.deb`) package from the Jellyfin project using the current publishing parameters.

## Overview

The Jellyfin project is configured to publish as a self-contained Linux application. These published files can be packaged into a Debian package for easy distribution and installation on Debian-based systems.

### Current Publishing Parameters

The project is configured with the following publishing settings (from [rebuild-solution.sh](rebuild-solution.sh)):

| Parameter | Value | Purpose |
|-----------|-------|---------|
| **Runtime** | `linux-x64` | Self-contained binary for 64-bit Linux |
| **Configuration** | `Release` | Optimized production build |
| **Self-contained** | `true` | Includes all .NET runtime dependencies |
| **Output Directory** | `/opt/jellyfin` | Standard Linux application directory |

## Prerequisites

Install the required tools on your system:

```bash
# Update package list
sudo apt-get update

# Install build tools
sudo apt-get install -y \
  dotnet-sdk-11.0 \
  ruby-dev \
  build-essential

# Install FPM (Effing Package Manager) for easy package creation
sudo gem install fpm --no-document
```

## Method 1: Using FPM (Recommended)

FPM automates the package creation process and handles dependencies, scripts, and metadata.

### Step 1: Publish the Application

```bash
cd /home/wjones/projects/pgsql-jellyfin

# Restore dependencies
dotnet restore Jellyfin.sln -r linux-x64

# Build for Release
dotnet build Jellyfin.sln --configuration Release

# Publish as self-contained
dotnet publish Jellyfin.Server/Jellyfin.Server.csproj \
  --configuration Release \
  --self-contained true \
  --runtime linux-x64 \
  --output /tmp/jellyfin-build
```

**Expected output location**: `/tmp/jellyfin-build/`

### Step 2: Extract Version

Get the version from the SharedVersion.cs file:

```bash
# Extract version number
VERSION=$(grep -oP 'Version\s*=\s*"\K[^"]+' SharedVersion.cs)
echo "Building Jellyfin version: $VERSION"
```

### Step 3: Create the Debian Package

```bash
# Navigate to project root
cd /home/wjones/projects/pgsql-jellyfin

# Build the .deb package
fpm -s dir \
  -t deb \
  -n jellyfin \
  -v "$VERSION" \
  -C /tmp/jellyfin-build \
  -p "jellyfin-${VERSION}_amd64.deb" \
  --license "LICENSE" \
  --vendor "Jellyfin Contributors" \
  --maintainer "Your Name <your.email@example.com>" \
  --description "Jellyfin Media Server - a free software media server" \
  --url "https://jellyfin.org" \
  --architecture x86_64 \
  --depends "libssl3" \
  --depends "libicu72" \
  --depends "libfontconfig1" \
  --depends "libc6 (>= 2.31)" \
  opt/=opt/jellyfin \
  etc/=etc/jellyfin
```

**Output**: `jellyfin-{VERSION}_amd64.deb`

### Step 4 (Optional): Add Service Files

To include systemd integration, create service files:

```bash
# Create directories for package contents
mkdir -p fpm-package/etc/jellyfin
mkdir -p fpm-package/usr/lib/systemd/system
mkdir -p fpm-package/opt/jellyfin

# Copy published files
cp -r /tmp/jellyfin-build/* fpm-package/opt/jellyfin/

# Create systemd service file
cat > fpm-package/usr/lib/systemd/system/jellyfin.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=Jellyfin Media Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=jellyfin
Group=jellyfin
WorkingDirectory=/opt/jellyfin
ExecStart=/opt/jellyfin/jellyfin
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# Update FPM command to include systemd service
fpm -s dir \
  -t deb \
  -n jellyfin \
  -v "$VERSION" \
  -C fpm-package \
  -p "jellyfin-${VERSION}_amd64.deb" \
  --after-install ./scripts/debian/postinst \
  --before-remove ./scripts/debian/prerm \
  --license "LICENSE" \
  --description "Jellyfin Media Server" \
  --url "https://jellyfin.org" \
  --architecture x86_64 \
  --depends "libssl3" \
  --depends "libicu72" \
  opt/ \
  usr/
```

## Method 2: Using dpkg-deb (Manual)

For more control over the package structure, use `dpkg-deb` directly.

### Step 1-2: Same as Method 1

Publish the application (Steps 1-2 above).

### Step 3: Create Package Directory Structure

```bash
# Create control directory
mkdir -p jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN
mkdir -p jellyfin-pkg/opt/jellyfin
mkdir -p jellyfin-pkg/etc/jellyfin
mkdir -p jellyfin-pkg/usr/lib/systemd/system

# Copy published application files
cp -r /tmp/jellyfin-build/* jellyfin-pkg/opt/jellyfin/

# Copy configuration template
cp jellyfin-setup.iss jellyfin-pkg/etc/jellyfin/jellyfin.conf.example
```

### Step 4: Create DEBIAN Control Files

Create `jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/control`:

```ini
Package: jellyfin
Version: 10.x.x
Architecture: amd64
Maintainer: Jellyfin Contributors <https://jellyfin.org>
Depends: libssl3, libicu72, libfontconfig1, libc6 (>= 2.31)
Homepage: https://jellyfin.org
Description: Jellyfin Media Server
 Jellyfin is a free software media server application
 that allows you to collect, manage, and share your
 digital media (video, music, photos) anywhere.
```

Create `jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/postinst` (post-install script):

```bash
#!/bin/bash
set -e

# Create jellyfin user if it doesn't exist
if ! getent passwd jellyfin > /dev/null; then
    useradd --system --home /var/lib/jellyfin --shell /bin/false jellyfin
fi

# Create necessary directories
mkdir -p /var/lib/jellyfin /var/log/jellyfin /etc/jellyfin
chown -R jellyfin:jellyfin /var/lib/jellyfin /var/log/jellyfin /etc/jellyfin

# Reload systemd
systemctl daemon-reload

# Start the service
systemctl enable jellyfin.service
systemctl start jellyfin.service

exit 0
```

Create `jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/prerm` (pre-remove script):

```bash
#!/bin/bash
set -e

# Stop the service
systemctl stop jellyfin.service || true
systemctl disable jellyfin.service || true

exit 0
```

Create `jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/postrm` (post-remove script):

```bash
#!/bin/bash
set -e

# Clean up user and directories (optional)
# userdel jellyfin || true
# rm -rf /var/lib/jellyfin

exit 0
```

Make scripts executable:

```bash
chmod 0755 jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/postinst
chmod 0755 jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/prerm
chmod 0755 jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/postrm
```

### Step 5: Build the Package

```bash
# Get version
VERSION=$(grep -oP 'Version\s*=\s*"\K[^"]+' SharedVersion.cs)

# Create the .deb package
dpkg-deb --build jellyfin-pkg "jellyfin-${VERSION}_amd64.deb"

# Verify the package
dpkg-deb --info "jellyfin-${VERSION}_amd64.deb"
```

**Output**: `jellyfin-{VERSION}_amd64.deb`

## Installation

Once you have created the `.deb` package:

```bash
# Install the package
sudo dpkg -i jellyfin-10.x.x_amd64.deb

# If dependencies are missing, install them
sudo apt-get install -f

# Check service status
sudo systemctl status jellyfin

# View logs
sudo journalctl -u jellyfin -f
```

## Verification

### Check Package Contents

```bash
# List files in the package
dpkg-deb -c jellyfin-10.x.x_amd64.deb

# View package metadata
dpkg-deb -I jellyfin-10.x.x_amd64.deb
```

### Test Installation

```bash
# Create a test environment
mkdir -p /tmp/jellyfin-test
cd /tmp/jellyfin-test

# Extract package contents
dpkg -x /path/to/jellyfin-10.x.x_amd64.deb .
dpkg -e /path/to/jellyfin-10.x.x_amd64.deb DEBIAN

# Review extracted files
ls -la
cat DEBIAN/control
```

## Distribution

### Options for Distribution

1. **Local Repository**: Host `.deb` files on a private apt repository
2. **GitHub Releases**: Upload to GitHub releases for easy download
3. **Package Repository**: Submit to Ubuntu/Debian repositories
4. **Direct Download**: Provide `.deb` file download link

### Example: Create Local APT Repository

```bash
# Create repository directory
mkdir -p /var/www/jellyfin-repo/pool/main

# Copy package
cp jellyfin-10.x.x_amd64.deb /var/www/jellyfin-repo/pool/main/

# Generate package index (requires apt-utils)
cd /var/www/jellyfin-repo
dpkg-scanpackages pool/main /dev/null | gzip > Packages.gz

# Users can then add to their apt sources:
# echo "deb file:///var/www/jellyfin-repo /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jellyfin.list
```

## Troubleshooting

### Common Issues

**Issue**: `dpkg-deb: error: unable to open jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN/control (No such file or directory)`

**Solution**: Ensure the DEBIAN directory exists and control file is properly created:
```bash
mkdir -p jellyfin-pkg/DEBIAN
# Recreate control file with proper permissions
```

**Issue**: Package installs but service won't start

**Solution**: Check if jellyfin user exists and has proper permissions:
```bash
sudo systemctl status jellyfin
sudo journalctl -u jellyfin -n 50
sudo ls -la /opt/jellyfin
sudo ls -la /var/lib/jellyfin
```

**Issue**: Missing dependencies warning

**Solution**: Ensure all required libraries are listed in the `Depends:` field:
```bash
ldd /opt/jellyfin/jellyfin | grep "not found"
```

## Automation Script

Create `scripts/linux/build-deb-package.sh`:

```bash
#!/bin/bash
set -e

SCRIPT_DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
PROJECT_ROOT="$(dirname "$(dirname "$SCRIPT_DIR")")"
VERSION=$(grep -oP 'Version\s*=\s*"\K[^"]+' "$PROJECT_ROOT/SharedVersion.cs")
BUILD_DIR="/tmp/jellyfin-build-$$"
OUTPUT_DIR="$PROJECT_ROOT/dist"

echo "Building Jellyfin Debian package v$VERSION..."

# Create output directory
mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR"

# Build and publish
cd "$PROJECT_ROOT"
dotnet restore Jellyfin.sln -r linux-x64
dotnet build Jellyfin.sln --configuration Release
dotnet publish Jellyfin.Server/Jellyfin.Server.csproj \
  --configuration Release \
  --self-contained true \
  --runtime linux-x64 \
  --output "$BUILD_DIR"

# Create package
fpm -s dir \
  -t deb \
  -n jellyfin \
  -v "$VERSION" \
  -C "$BUILD_DIR" \
  -p "$OUTPUT_DIR/jellyfin-${VERSION}_amd64.deb" \
  --license "LICENSE" \
  --description "Jellyfin Media Server" \
  --url "https://jellyfin.org" \
  --architecture x86_64 \
  --depends "libssl3" \
  --depends "libicu72" \
  opt/=opt/jellyfin

# Cleanup
rm -rf "$BUILD_DIR"

echo "Package created: $OUTPUT_DIR/jellyfin-${VERSION}_amd64.deb"
dpkg-deb -I "$OUTPUT_DIR/jellyfin-${VERSION}_amd64.deb"
```

Make it executable:

```bash
chmod +x scripts/linux/build-deb-package.sh
```

Run it:

```bash
./scripts/linux/build-deb-package.sh
```

## References

- [Debian New Maintainers' Guide](https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/maint-guide/)
- [Packaging with fpm](https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm)
- [dpkg-deb Manual](https://manpages.debian.org/dpkg-deb)
- [systemd Unit Files](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html)